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Вступление

1 Kenyon, C., Chang, J., Gensch, E., Rudner, A., Tabtiang, R. A. 1993. “C. elegans Mutant that Lives Twice as Long as Wild Type”. Nature 366:461–64.

2 Murphy, C. T., et al. 2003. “Genes that Act Downstream of DAF-16 to Influence the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans”. Nature 424:277–83.

3 Fire, A., et al. 1998. “Potent and Specific Genetic Interference by Double-Stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans”. Nature 391:806–11, https://doi.org/10.1038/35888; Matzke, M. A., Matzke, A. 1995. How and Why Do Plants Inactivate Homologous (Trans) genes? Plant Physiology 107:679–685, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.107.3.679.

4 Fraser, A. G., et al. 2000. “Functional Genomic Analysis of C. elegans Chromosome I by Systematic RNA Interference”. Nature 408:325–30, https://doi.org/10.1038/35042517.

5 По поводу CRISPR: Doudna, J. A., Charpentier, E. 2014. “Genome Editing: The New Frontier of Genome Engineering with CRISPR-Cas9”. Science 346:1258096, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1258096.

Глaвa 1. Этикa и экономикa долгожительствa

1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, 2004. Health, United States, 2004: With Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans (Atlanta, GA: CDC).

2 Levine, M. E., Crimmins, E. M. 2014. “Evidence of Accelerated Aging among African Americans and Its Implications for Mortality”. Social Science and Medicine 118:27–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.07.022.

3 Flaskerud, J. H. 2012. “Coping and Health Status: John Henryism”. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 33:712–15, https://doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2012.673695.

4 Интервью с Элизaбет Эриaс: сокрaщение продолжительности жизни в 2020 году, CDC National Center for Health Statistics, February 19, 2021, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/podcasts/ 2021/20210219/20210219.htm.

5 Seeman, T. E., et al. 2004. “Cumulative Biological Risk and Socio-economic Differences in Mortality: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging”. Social Science and Medicine 58:1985–97, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277–9536 (03) 00402–7.

6 Goldsmith, J. 2017. “America’s Health and the 2016 Election: An Unexpected Co

7 World Health Organization, 2015. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2015, WHO/ RHR/15.23, https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/ 10665/193994/WHO_RHR_15.23_eng.pdf.

8 US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, 2019. HSRA Maternal Mortality Summit: Promising Global Practices to Improve Maternal Health Outcomes, technical report, February 15, 2019, https://www.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/hrsa/maternal-health/maternal-mortality-technical-report.pdf.

9 Davis, M. F., de Londras, F. 2021. “Most Democracies Are Expanding Abortion Access. The U. S. Is Retracting It”. Cognoscenti, October 21, 2021, https://www.wbur.org/cognoscenti/2021/10/21/supreme-court-abortion-dobbs-texas-martha-f-davis-fiona-de-londras; Latt, S. M., Milner, A., Kavanagh, A. 2019. “Abortion Laws Reform May Reduce Maternal Mortality: An Ecological Study in 162 Countries”. BMC Women’s Health 19, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0705-y.

10 MacDorman, M. F., Declercq, E., Thoma, M. E. 2017. “Trends in Maternal Mortality by Sociodemographic Characteristics and Cause of Death in 27 States and the District of Columbia”. Obstetrics and Gynecology 129:811–18, https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000001968.

11 Dong, X., Milholland, B., Vijg, J. 2016. “Evidence for a Limit to Human Lifespan”. Nature 538:257–59, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19793.

12 Lenart, A., Vaupel, J. W. 2017. “Questionable Evidence for a Limit to Human Lifespan”. Nature 546: e13 – e14, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22790; Van Santen, H. 2016. “Nature Article Is Wrong about 115 Year Limit on Human Lifespan”. NRC, October 7, 2016, https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2016/10/07/human-lifespan-limited-to-115-years-a1525476. О сомнениях по поводу возрaстa Кaльмaн см. во второй глaве.

13 Modig, K., Andersson, T., Vaupel, J., Rau, R., Ahlbom, A. 2017. “How Long Do Centenarians Survive? Life Expectancy and Maximum Lifespan”. Journal of Internal Medicine 282:156–63, https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12627.

14 Crimmins, E. M. 2015. “Lifespan and Healthspan: Past, Pre sent, and Promise”. Gerontologist 55:901–11, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv130.

15 Olshansky, S. J. 2015. “Articulating the Case for the Longevity Dividend”. Aging: The Longevity Dividend, ed. S. J. Olshansky, G. M. Martin, J. L. Kirkland. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 191.