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19 Cypser, J. R., Johnson, T. E. 2002. “Multiple Stressors in Caenorhabditis elegans Induce Stress Hormesis and Extended Longevity”. Journals of Gerontology, Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 57: B109–14; Lithgow, G. J., 2001. “Hormesis: A New Hope for Ageing Studies or a Poor Second to Genetics?” Human and Experimental Toxicology 20:301–3, discussion 319–20; Olsen, A., Vantipalli, M. C., Lithgow, G. J. 2006. “Lifespan Extension of Caenorhabditis elegans following Repeated Mild Hormetic Heat Treatments”. Biogerontology 7:221–30, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-006-9018-x.

20 Kirkwood, T. B. 1987. “Immortality of the Germ-Line versus Disposability of the Soma”. Basic Life Sciences 42:209–18.

21 Min, K. J., Lee, C. K., Park, H. N. 2012. “The Lifespan of Korean Eunuchs”. Current Biology 22: R792–93, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.036.

22 Le Bourg, E. 2015. “No Ground for Advocating that Korean Eunuchs Lived Longer than Intact Men”. Gerontology 62:69–70, https://doi.org/10.1159/000435854.

23 Hsin, H., Kenyon, C. 1999. “Signals from the Reproductive System Regulate the Lifespan of C. elegans”. Nature 399:362–66.

24 Shi, C., Booth, L. N., Murphy, C. T. 2019. “Insulin-like Peptides and the mTOR-TFEB Pathway Protect Caenorhabditis elegans Hermaphrodites from Mating-Induced Death”. eLife 8, https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46413; Shi, C., Murphy, C. T. 2014. “Mating Induces Shrinking and Death in Caenorhabditis Mothers”. Science 343:536–40, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1242958; Shi, C., Ru

25 Dillin, A., Crawford, D. K., Kenyon, C. 2002. “Timing Requirements for Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling in C. elegans”. Science 298:830–34.

26 Venz, R., Pekec, T., Katic, I., Ciosk, R., Ewald, C. Y. 2021. “End-of-Life Targeted Auxin-Mediated Degradation of DAF-2 Insulin/IGF-1 Receptor Promotes Longevity Free from Growth-Related Pathologies”. eLife 10: e71335, https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.71335.

27 Sohrabi, S., Cota, V., Murphy, C. T. 2023. “CeLab, a Microfluidic Platform for the Study of Life History Traits, Reveals Metformin and SGK-1 Regulation of Longevity and Reproductive Span”. bioRxiv, 2023.01.09.523184, https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.09.523184.

28 Perls, T. T., Alpert, L., Fretts, R. C. 1997. “Middle-Aged Mothers Live Longer”. Nature 389:133, https://doi.org/10.1038/38148.

29 Обзор многих из этих теорий можно нaйти здесь: “Biological Aging Theories” (Programmed-Aging.org, последняя версия 2015, http://www.programmed-aging.org/theories/).

30 Mitteldorf, J., Pepper, J. 2009. “Senescence as an Adaptation to Limit the Spread of Disease”. Journal of Theoretical Biology 260:186–95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.05.013.

31 Mitteldorf, J., Pepper, J. W. 2007. “How Can Evolutionary Theory Accommodate Recent Empirical Results on Organismal Senescence?” Theory in Biosciences 126:3–8, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-007-0001-0.

32 Brunet-Rossi

33 Turbill, C., Bieber, C., Ruf, T. 2011. “Hibernation Is Associated with Increased Survival and the Evolution of Slow Life Histories among Mammals”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278:3355–63, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0190.

34 Godfrey-Smith, P. 2016. “Octopuses and the Puzzle of Aging”. New York Times, December 2, 2016.

35 Reznick, D., Bryant, M., Holmes, D. 2006. “The Evolution of Senescence and Post-reproductive Lifespan in Guppies (Poecilia reticulata)”. PLOS Biology 4: e7, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040007.

36 Carroll, S. B. 2016. The Serengeti Rules: The Quest to Discover How Life Works and Why It Matters. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

37 Hawkes, K. 2003. “Grandmothers and the Evolution of Human Longevity”. American Journal of Human Biology 15:380–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.10156.

38 Maliha, G., Murphy, C. T. 2016. “A Simple Offspring-to-Mother Size Ratio Predicts Post-reproductive Lifespan”. bioRxiv, 048835, https://doi.org/10.1101/048835.

39 Francis, N., Gregg, T., Owen, R., Ebert, T., Bodnar, A. 2006. “Lack of Age-Associated Telomere Shortening in Long- and Short-Lived Species of Sea Urchins”. FEBS Letters 580:4713–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.07.049.

40 Giaimo, S., Baudisch, A. 2015. “The Effect of Post-Reproductive Lifespan on the Fixation Probability of Beneficial Mutations”. PLOS One 10: e0133820, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133820.

41 Mao, K., et al. 2018. “Late-Life Targeting of the IGF-1 Receptor Improves Healthspan and Lifespan in Female Mice”. Nature Communications 9:2394, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04805-5.